Cover of The Splendid and the Vile

The Splendid and the Vile

by Erik Larson


Genre
History, Nonfiction, Biography
Year
2020
Pages
625
Contents

Chapter 83: Men

Overview

Churchill's calm leadership during a devastating London raid strengthens American admiration, as Harriman and Ambassador Biddle witness him treating bombardment as both a military crisis and a test of morale. The chapter also contrasts public endurance with private strain: Virginia Woolf succumbs to despair, Churchill pushes practical shelter improvements, Mary Churchill begins a promising romance with Eric Duncannon, and Pamela Churchill is immediately drawn to Harriman. Encouraging military news briefly lifts spirits and makes both political and personal futures feel newly in motion.

Summary

On a clear Wednesday night, Churchill hosted W. Averell Harriman, Ambassador Anthony Biddle, and others for a late dinner in the basement at No. 10 while a massive German raid struck London. When the sirens began, Churchill did not interrupt the meal. Afterward he took Harriman, Biddle, John Colville, and Eric Seal up to the roof, where they watched searchlights and anti-aircraft fire while Churchill calmly received reports from across the city. Biddle came away deeply impressed by Churchill's composure and courage, even as the six-hour attack killed five hundred Londoners and devastated parts of the East End.

The chapter then shows the war's darker emotional cost. On March 28, Virginia Woolf, overwhelmed by depression worsened by wartime losses and bomb damage, left a farewell note to her husband before disappearing at the River Ouse. At Chequers, officials discovered that a tenant farmer's plowing had accidentally made the house easier to identify from the air, so the land was replowed to hide the pattern, and security officers also worried that parked cars could reveal Churchill's presence.

Churchill, expecting the air war to continue, pressed ministers Malcolm MacDonald and Herbert Morrison to improve shelters before the next winter. He wanted better drainage and flooring, radios and gramophones, and attention to waterlogged Anderson shelters. Practical guidance followed in a pamphlet that advised families how to stay warmer, safer, and calmer during raids, reflecting Churchill's belief that if safety could not be guaranteed, comfort should at least be improved.

That weekend Mary Churchill traveled with Charles Ritchie to Stansted Park for a dance at Tangmere RAF base. She liked Moyra Bessborough and was especially taken with Moyra's brother Eric Duncannon, an artillery officer and Dunkirk survivor. At the dance Mary admired the famous ace Douglas Bader, but Eric held her attention; she danced with him repeatedly, read romantic meaning into the evening, and returned under the starry blackout sky exhilarated by the encounter.

Meanwhile Harriman went to Chequers with the new American ambassador, John G. Winant. Over dinner Pamela Churchill saw Harriman and was immediately struck by him; because Pamela's marriage to Randolph was collapsing and Harriman's own marriage had gone emotionally flat, the attraction carried obvious implications. The mood at Chequers was buoyed further by British gains in East Africa, a coup in Yugoslavia hostile to Hitler, and the Royal Navy's victory at Cape Matapan. Mary, sharing in the weekend's jubilation, took a long walk with Eric before he left and heard him ask if he might call her, while Churchill reveled in a moment when victory suddenly seemed a little nearer.

Who Appears

  • Winston Churchill
    Prime Minister; calmly observes a major raid, presses shelter reforms, and enjoys encouraging military news.
  • W. Averell Harriman
    American envoy; watches the raid with Churchill and begins a consequential mutual attraction with Pamela.
  • Mary Churchill
    Churchill's daughter; attends the Tangmere dance, admires Douglas Bader, and falls for Eric Duncannon.
  • Pamela Churchill
    Randolph's estranged wife; sees Harriman at Chequers and is immediately captivated by him.
  • Anthony Biddle
    U.S. ambassador who joins Churchill on the roof and reports admiration for his courage.
  • Eric Duncannon
    Artillery officer and Moyra's brother; charms Mary at Stansted Park and asks to call her.
  • Virginia Woolf
    Writer whose wartime despair deepens until she leaves a farewell note and disappears.
  • John G. Winant
    New American ambassador; accompanies Harriman to Chequers as U.S.-British ties deepen.
  • Douglas Bader
    Celebrated RAF ace with prosthetic legs; impresses Mary when she dances with him.
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