Cover of James

James

by Percival Everett


Genre
Fiction, Historical Fiction
Year
2023
Pages
369
Contents

PART THREE — CHAPTER 9

Overview

James secretly returns to Hannibal, breaks into Judge Thatcher’s library, and forces Thatcher to reveal that Sadie and Lizzie were sold to the Graham farm near Edina, Missouri. The confrontation matters because James gains the concrete information and map marks he needs to pursue his family, turning grief into action.

The chapter also marks a decisive shift in James’s identity: his voice, literacy, and refusal to perform submission frighten Thatcher as much as the pistol does. By making Thatcher row and then leaving him tied to a tree, James symbolically inverts the power structure that has governed his life.

Summary

That night, James leaves Jackson Island for good and crosses the channel under moonlight with rations, his notebook, and a pistol. The crossing sharpens his sense that he is changing: his voice feels deeper and truly his own. Once in quiet Hannibal, James slips through the shadows to Judge Thatcher’s house, enters through the unlocked back door, and goes to the library, where he has secretly read before. He gathers a satchel, books, matches, pencils, and a map, then searches the desk for a bill of sale that might reveal where Sadie and Lizzie were taken.

Judge Thatcher catches James in the library, seated in his chair. James stays calm, identifies himself as "James," and uses the pistol to control the encounter. When James demands to know where his wife and daughter were sold, Thatcher confirms they are on the Graham farm in Edina, Missouri. Because James cannot read the map well enough to navigate it alone, he forces Thatcher to show Hannibal and mark Edina. During the exchange, Thatcher is disturbed not only by the gun but by James’s educated speech and literacy, which violate his assumptions about enslaved people.

James then makes Thatcher leave the house with him, taking food, a knife, and plans to get rope and twine. At the river, James puts Thatcher to work rowing a skiff upriver, reversing the master-slave relation for a short time. Thatcher tries to frame slavery as care and obligation, but James exposes the lie by pointing out that forced labor under threat is slavery. When Thatcher identifies the pistol as the kind Tom Hopkins owned, James openly admits he killed Hopkins by strangling him after witnessing Hopkins rape an enslaved woman. James also accuses Thatcher and men like him of using kindness to disguise the violence and sexual exploitation built into slavery.

By sunrise, James and Thatcher beach the skiff in a hidden place. James orders Thatcher to send the boat adrift, then ties him to a sycamore, leaving him alive and ungagged so that someone may eventually find him. When Thatcher asks about the books James stole, James names works that Thatcher never truly used, underscoring how much James has claimed for himself. Looking at the marked map, James sees that Edina lies north and west of him, away from the Mississippi. Though Thatcher warns he will never make it, James now has the direction he needs and leaves committed to pursuing his family.

Who Appears

  • James
    Escaped enslaved narrator who reclaims his voice, confronts Thatcher, and learns where his family was taken.
  • Judge Thatcher
    Town judge forced at gunpoint to reveal Edina’s location, row a skiff, and endure James’s reversal of power.
  • Sadie
    James’s wife; her sale to the Graham farm drives James’s mission in this chapter.
  • Lizzie
    James’s daughter, sold with Sadie; James seeks her by tracing the Graham farm’s location.
  • Tom Hopkins
    Slaveholder James says he strangled after witnessing Hopkins rape an enslaved woman.
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